Surgery involves the use of operative techniques to treat conditions that cannot be managed with medications alone. The Department of Surgery encompasses various surgical specialties and subspecialties, providing comprehensive training and education in different surgical disciplines.

Key Areas of Focus

General Surgery

1. Abdominal Surgery:
   • Procedures involving the stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and other abdominal organs.
   • Common surgeries include appendectomy, cholecystectomy, and hernia repair.
2. Trauma Surgery:
   • Management of acute injuries caused by accidents, violence, or falls.
   • Techniques for stabilizing and repairing damage to internal organs and tissues.
3. Surgical Oncology:
   • Surgical treatment of cancer, including tumor removal and biopsies.
   • Collaboration with oncologists for comprehensive cancer care.
4. Minimally Invasive Surgery:
   • Techniques such as laparoscopy and endoscopy that involve smaller incisions and faster recovery times.
   • Procedures include laparoscopic cholecystectomy, appendectomy, and hernia repair.

Specialized Surgical Fields

1. Cardiothoracic Surgery:
   • Surgery of the heart, lungs, and thoracic cavity.
   • Procedures include coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), heart valve repair, and lung resection.
2. Neurosurgery:
   • Surgery of the brain, spine, and peripheral nerves.
   • Procedures include craniotomy, spinal fusion, and removal of brain tumors.
3. Orthopedic Surgery:
   • Surgery of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, ligaments, and tendons.
   • Procedures include joint replacement, fracture repair, and arthroscopy.
4. Pediatric Surgery:
   • Surgical care of infants, children, and adolescents.
   • Procedures include correction of congenital anomalies, appendectomy, and hernia repair.
5. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery:
   • Surgery to repair, reconstruct, or enhance physical appearance and function.
   • Procedures include breast reconstruction, cleft lip and palate repair, and cosmetic surgery.
6. Urological Surgery:
   • Surgery of the urinary tract and male reproductive organs.
   • Procedures include prostatectomy, kidney stone removal, and bladder surgery.

Educational Objectives

• Theoretical Knowledge: Provide students with a comprehensive understanding of surgical principles, techniques, and patient care.
• Practical Skills: Develop proficiency in performing surgical procedures through hands-on training and simulation.
• Clinical Judgment: Enhance the ability to assess patient conditions, plan appropriate surgical interventions, and manage postoperative care.
• Research and Innovation: Encourage research in surgical techniques, patient outcomes, and advancements in surgical technology.

Curriculum and Teaching Methods

• Lectures and Seminars: Covering fundamental and advanced topics in surgery, including anatomy, pathology, and surgical techniques.
• Simulation and Skills Labs: Hands-on training using models, simulators, and cadavers to practice surgical procedures.
• Clinical Rotations: Supervised practice in hospital settings, providing real-world experience in various surgical specialties.
• Case Studies and Conferences: Analysis and discussion of clinical cases to improve diagnostic and decision-making skills.
• Research Projects: Opportunities to participate in surgical research and contribute to the advancement of surgical science.

Faculty and Resources

• Experienced Faculty: Surgeons and educators with extensive expertise in various surgical fields.
• Operating Theaters: State-of-the-art surgical suites equipped with advanced technology for teaching and performing surgeries.
• Simulation Labs: Facilities with high-fidelity simulators and models for practicing surgical techniques.
• Library Resources: Access to a wide range of texts, journals, and research papers on surgery and related fields.

Importance in Medical Education

The Department of Surgery is essential for training competent and skilled surgeons who can provide high-quality surgical care. Understanding surgical principles, mastering operative techniques, and developing strong clinical judgment are crucial for ensuring patient safety and successful surgical outcomes.

By integrating theoretical knowledge with practical experience, the Department of Surgery prepares medical students and residents to handle a wide range of surgical conditions, from routine procedures to complex surgeries. This comprehensive training ensures that future surgeons are equipped to meet the challenges of modern surgical practice and contribute to advancements in the field.